| To survey the current
state of knowledge about the biology of psychopathology. Primary realms
of psychopathology to be covered include depression, anxiety, psychopathology,
addiction, and schizophrenia. Both central and peripheral mechanisms will
be considered in our attempts to convey what is known about the key biological
systems involved int he various forms of psychopathology. Key conceptual
issues relating to emotion, diagnosis, and psychopathology will be major
themes throughout the course. Biological perspectives on developmental
psychopathology and treatment will also be addressed
The seminars are designed to be interactive. Two readings
are required each week. Because there are so many additional readings
that are excellent and highly relevant, they have been included below
the two required readings, which are asterisked. We have listed the additional
readings in order of importance and relevance.
Instructors:
Heather C. Abercrombie
Phone: 3-6126
Email: hcabercr@wisc.edu
Jack B. Nitschke
Phone: 3-6083
Email: jnitschke@wisc.edu
September
30, Class 1: Biological perspectives on the psychopathology:
Introduction and overview
*Miller,
G. A. & Keller, J. (2000). Psychology and neuroscience: Making peace.
Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9, 212-215.
Davidson, R. J. (1997). The proper role of psychology in psychopathology
research: Four noble truths. Psychopathology Research, 8, 1-9.
Miller, G. A. (1996). How we think about cognition, emotion,
and biology in psychopathology. Psychophysiology, 33, 615-628.
Cacioppo, J. T., & Tassinary, L. G. (1990). Psychophysiology
and psychophysiological inference. In J. T. Cacioppo, and L. G. Tassinary
(Eds.), Principles of psychophysiology: Physical, social, and inferential
elements (pp. 3-33). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Hyman, S.E. (2003). Diagnosing disorders. Scientific American,
289, 96-103.
Gage, F. H. (2003). Brain, repair yourself. Scientific
American, 289, 46-53.
Holloway, M. (2003). The mutable brain. Scientific American,
289, 78-85.
October 7, Class
2: Key biological systems in emotion: Functional neuroanatomy
and LHPA axis
Functional neuroanatomy
*Davidson, R. J., Jackson, D.C., & Kalin,
N. H. (2000). Emotion, plasticity, context, and regulation: Perspectives
from affective neuroscience. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 890-909.
Damasio, A. R. (1994). Descartes' error: Emotion, reason,
and the human brain. New York: Avon.
LeDoux, J. E. (1996). The emotional brain. New York:
Simon and Schuster.
Rolls, E. T. (1999). The brain and emotion. New York:
Oxford University Press.
Rolls, E. T. (1999). The functions of the orbitofrontal cortex.
Neurocase: Case Studies in Neuropsychology, Neuropsychiatry, and Behavioral
Neurology, 5, 301-312.
Davis, M., & Whalen, P.
J. (2001). The amygdala: Vigilance and emotion. Molecular Psychiatry,
6, 13-34.
Davidson, R. J. (2000).
Affective style, psychopathology, and resilience: Brain mechanisms and
plasticity. American Psychologist, 55, 1196-1214.
Davidson, R. J., & Irwin,
W. (1999). The functional neuroanatomy of emotion and affective style.
Trends in Cognitive Science, 3, 11-21.
Hariri, A. R., Mattay, V.
S., Tessitore, A.D., Kolachana, B., Fera, F., Goldman, D., Egan, M. F.,
& Weinberger, D. R. (2002). Serotonin transporter genetic variation and
the response of the human amygdala. Science, 297, 4000-403.
LHPA
*McEwen, B. S. (1998). Protective
and damaging effects of stress mediators. New England Journal of Medicine,
338, 171-179.
Sapolsky, R. M., Krey,
L. C., & McEwen, B. S. (1986). The neuroendocrinology of stress and aging:
The glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis. Endocrine Reviews, 7,
284-301.
Sapolsky, R.M., Meaney, M. J., & McEwen,
B. S. (1985). The development of the glucocorticoid receptor system
in the rat limbic brain: III. Negative feedback regulation. Brain
Research, 350, 169-173.
Levine, S. (2000). Influence of Psychological
variables on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
European Journal of Pharmacology, 405, 149-160.
Dickerson, S. S., & Kemeny, M. E. (in press). Acute stressors
and cortisol responses: A theoretical integration and synthesis of laboratory
research. Psychological Bulletin.
Gould, E., & Tanapat, P.
(1999). Stress and hippocampal neurogenesis. Biological Psychiatry,
46, 1472-1479.
Sapolsky, R. M.
(2000). Glucocorticoids and hippocampal atrophy in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 57, 925-935.
McEwen,
B. S. (2000). Effects of adverse experience for brain structure and function.
Biological Psychiatry, 48, 721-731.
October 14,
Class 3: Emotion regulation and dysregulation
*Myers, K. M.& Davis, M. (2002).
Behavioral and neural analysis of extinction. Neuron, 36, 567-584.
*Ochsner, K., Bunge,
S. A., Gross, J. J., & Gabrieli, J. D. (2002>. Rethinking feelings: An
FMRI study of the cognitive regulation of emotion. Journal of Cognitive
Neuroscience, 14, 1215-1229.
Gross, J. J. (2002). Emotion
regulation: Affective, cognitive, and social consequences. Psychophysiology,
39, 281-291.
Jackson, D.C., Malmstadt,
J. R., Larson, C. L., & Davidson, R. J. (2000). Suppression and enhancement
of emotional responses to unpleasant pictures. Psychophysiology,
37, 515-522.
Schaefer, S. M., Jackson,
D.C., Davidson, R.J Aguirre, G. K., Kimberg, D. Y., & Thompson-Schill,
S. L. (2002). Modulation of amygdalar activity by the conscious regulation
of negative emotion. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14, 913-921.
Milad, M. R., & Quirk, G. J. (2002).
Neurons in medial prefrontal cortex signal memory for fear extinction.
Nature, 420, 70-74.
Brown, L. L., Tomarken,
A. J., Orth, D. N., Loosen, P. T., Kalin, N. H., & Davidson, R. J. (1996).
Individual differences in repressive-defensiveness predict basal salivary
cortisol levels. Journal of Personality of Social Psychology,
70, 362-371.
October 21,
Class 4: Functional neuroanatomy of depression
*Davidson, R. J.,
Pizzagalli, D., Nitschke, J. B., & Butnam, K. (2002). Depression: Perspectives
from affective neuroscience. Annual Review of Psychology, 53,
545-574.
*Sheline, Y. I. (2003).
Neuroimaging studies of mood disorder effects on the brain. Biological
Psychiatry, 54, 338-352.
Drevets, W. C. (2003). Neuroimaging abnormalities in the amygdala
in mood disorders. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,
98, 420-444.
Drevets, W. C. (2001).
Neuroimaging and neuropathological studies of depression: Implications
for the cognitive-emotional features of mood disorders. Current Opinion
in Neurobiology, 11, 240-249.
Mayberg, H. S. (2003). Modulating
dysfunctional Limbic-cortical circuits in depression: towards development
of brain-based algorithms for diagnosis and optimized treatment. British
Medical Bulletin, 65, 193-207.
Heller, W., & Nitschke, J. B. (1997). Regional brain activity in emtoion:
A gramework for understanding cognition in depression. Cognition and
Emotion, 11, 637-661.
Heller, W., & Nitschke, J. B. (1998).
The puzzle of the regional brain activity in depression and anxiety:
The importance of subtypes and comorbidity. Cognition and Emotion,
12, 421-447.
MacQueen, G. M., Campbell,
S., McEwen, B. S., MacDonald. K., Amano, S., Joffe, R. T., Nahmias, C.,
& young, L. T. (2003). Course of illness, hippocampal function, and hippocampal
volume in major depression. Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences of the United States of America, 1000, 1387-1392.
Davidson, R. J.,
Abercombie, H., Nitschke, J. B., & Putnam, K. (1999). Regional brain function,
emotion and disorders of emotion. Current Opinion in Neurobiology,
9, 228-234.
Rajkowska, G. (2000).
Postmortem studies in mood disorders indicate altered numbers on neurons
and glial cells. Biological Psychiatry, 48, 766-777.
Caspi, A., Sugden, K., Moffitt,
T. E., Taylor, A., Crag, I. W., Harrington, H., McClay, J., Mill, J.,
Martin, J., Braithwaite, A., & Poulton, R. (2003). Influence of life stress
on depression: Moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene, Science,
301, 386-389.
October 28,
Class 5: LHPA axis in depression and PTSD
*Young, E. A., Haskett, R. F., Murphy-Weinberg, V., Watson,
S. J., & Akil, H. (1991). Loss of glucocorticoid fast feedback in depression.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 693-699.
*Pariante, C. M., & Miller,
A. H. (2002). Glucocorticoid receptors in major depression: Relevance
to pathophysiology and treatment. Biological Psychiatry, 49,
391-404.
Gilbertson, M. W.,
Shenton, N.E., Cizewski, A., Kasai, K., Lasko, N.B., Orr, S. P., & Pitman,
R. K. (2002). Smaller hippocampal volume predicts pathologic vulnerability
to psychological trauma. Nature Neuroscience, 5, 1242-1247.
Sapolsky, R.M. (2002).
Chickens, eggs, and hippocampal atrophy. Nature Neuroscience,
5, 1111-1113.
Meaney, M. J. (2001). Maternal care, gene expression,
and the transmission of individual differences in stress reactivity across
generations. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 24, 1161-1192.
Sapolsky, R.M. (2003). Taming stress. Scientific American,
289, 86-95.
Sapolsky, R.M. (2000). The possibility of neurotoxicity in
the hippocampus in major depression: A primer on neuron death. Biological
Psychiatry, 48, 755-765.
Drevets, W. C., Price, J. L., Bardgett, M. E., Reich, T., Todd, R. D., & Raichle, M. E. (2002).
Glucose metabolism in the amygdala in depression: relationship to diagnostic subtype and plasma cortisol
levels.Pharmacology, Biochemistry & Behavior, 71, 431-447.
Reul, J., & Holsboer, F. (2002). Corticotropin-releasing factor
receptors 1 and 2 anxiety and depression. Current Opinion in Pharmacology,
2, 23-33.
November
4, Class 6: Basic and clinical neuroscience of fear and anxiety
*Davis, M. (1998). Are different parts of the extended amygdala
involved in fear versus anxiety? Biological Psychiatry, 44, 1239-1247.
*Nitschke, J. B., & Heller, W. (2002). The neuropsychology
of anxiety disorders: Affect, cognition, and neural circuitry. In H. D'Haenen,
J. A. den Boer, & P. Willner (Eds.), Biological Psychiatry (pp.
975-988). Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Charney, D. S., Grillon, C. G., & Bremner, J. D. (1998). The
neurobiological basis of anxiety and fear: Circuits, mechanisms, and neurochemical
interactions (Part 1). Neuroscientist, 4, 35-44.
Charney, D. S., Grillon, C. G., & Bremner, J. D. (1998) The
neurobiological basis of anxiety and fear: Circuits, mechanisms, and neurochemical
interactions (Part 2). Neuroscientist, 4, 122-132.
Rauch, S. L., Savage, C. R., Alpert, N. M., Fischman, A. J.,
& Jenike, M. A. (1997). The functional neuroanatomy of anxiety: A study
of three disorders using positron emission tomography and symptom provocation.
Biological Psychiatry, 42, 446-452.
LeDoux, J. E. (1996). The emotional brain. New York:
Simon and Schuster.
LeDoux, J. (1998). Fear and the brain: Where have we been,
and where are we going? Biological Psychiatry, 44, 1229-1238.
Kalin, N. H., Shelton, S.E., Rickman, M., & Davidson, R. J.
(1998). Individual differences in freezing and cortisol in infant and
rhesus monkeys. Behavioral Neuroscience, 112, 286-292.
Kalin, N. H., Shelton, S.E., & Davidson, R. J. (2000). Cerebrospinal
fluid corticotropin-releasing hormone levels are elevated in monkeys with
patterns of brain activity associated with fearful temperament. Biological
Psychiatry, 47, 579-585.
Kalin, N. H., Shelton, S.E., davidson, R. J., & Kelley, A.
E. (2001). The primate amygdala mediates acute fear but not behavioral
and physiological components of anxious temperament. Journal of Neuroscience,
21, 2067-2074.
November
11, Class 7: Biological perspectives on psychopathy (Joe
Newman: guest lecturer)
Hiatt, K. D. & Newman, J. P. (2003). Interhemispheric
integration: A proximal mechanism for psychopathy. Manuscript in preparation.
Blair, R. J. R. (2003). Understanding the development of
the psychopathic individual: An affective cognitive neuroscience approach. To appear in D. Barch (Ed.)
Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience of Psychopathology,, Oxford University Press.
Ishikawa, S. S. & Raine, A. (2003). Contributions of
Prefrontal Lobe Subregions to Antisocial and Aggressive Behavior. To appear in D. Barch (Ed.)
Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience of Psychopathology, Oxford University Press.
November
18, Class 8: Biological perspective on addiction (Anne Kelley:
guest lecturer)
Kelley AE, Berridge KC (2002).
The neuroscience of natural rewards: Relevance to addictive drugs. Journal
of Neuroscience, 22, 3306-3311.
November
25, Class 9: Biological
perspectives on developmental psychopathology
*Krause, K., Dresel, S.
H., Krause, J., la Fougere, C., & Ackenheil, M. (2003). The dopamine transporter
and neuroimaging in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neuroscience
and Behavioral Reviews, 27, 605-613. *Coe, C. L., Kramer,
M., Czeh, B., Gould, E., Reeves, A. J., Kirschbaum, C. et al. (2003).
Prenatal stress diminishes neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of juvenile
rhesus monkeys. Biological Psychiatry, 54, 1025-1034.
Zahn-Waxler, C., Klimes-Doughan,
B., & Slattery, M. J. (2000). Internalizing problems of childhood and
adolescence: Prospects, pitfalls, and progress in understanding the development
of anxiety and depression. Development and Psychopathology, 12,
443-466.
Buss, K. A., Malmstadt
Schumacher, J. R., Dolski, I., Kalin, N. H., Goldsmith, H. H., & Davidson,
R. J. (2003). Right frontal brain activity, cortisol, and withdrawal behavior
in 6-month-old infants. Behavioral Neuroscience, 117, 11-20.
Schwartz, C. E., Wright,
C. I., Shin, L. M., Kagan, J., & Rauch, S. L. (2003). Inhibited and uninhibited
infants "grown up": Adult amygdalar response to novelty. Science,
300, 1952-1953.
Wilens, T. E., Biederman,
J., & Spencer, T. J. (2002). Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
across the lifespan. Annual Review of Medicine, 53, 113-131.
Mostofsky, S. H., Cooper,
K. L., Kates, W. R., Denckla, M. B., & Kaufman, W. E. (2002). Smaller
prefrontal and premotor volumes in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 52, 785-794.
Thomas, K. M., Drevets,
W. C., Dahl, R. E., Ryan, N. D., Birmaher, B., Eccard, C. H., Axelson, D.,
Whalen, P. J., & Casey, B. J. (2001). Amygdala response to fearful faces in
anxious and depressed children. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58, 1057-1063.
McClure, E. B.,
Pope, K., Hoberman, A. J., Pine, D. S., & Leibenluft, E. (2003). Facial
expression recognition in adolescents with mood and anxiety disorders.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 1172-1174.
Pollak,
S. D., & Kistler, D. J. (2002). Early experience is associated with the
development of categorical representations for facial expressions of emotion.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99, 9072-9076.
Pollak, S. D., & Sinha, P.
(2002). Effects of early experience in children's recognition of facial
displays of emotion. Developmental Psychology, 38, 784-791.
December
2, Class 10: Biological
perspectives on schizophrenia (Giulio Tononi: guest Lecturer)
*Callicot, J. H. (2003). An
expanded role for functional neuroimaging in schizophrenia. Current
Opinion in Neurobiology, 13, 256-260.
*Sawa, A. & Snyder, S. H.
(2002). Schizophrenia: Diverse approaches to a complex disease. Science,
26, 692-695.
Thaker, G. K. & Carpenter, W. T.
j. (2001). Advances in schizophrenia. Nature Medicine, 7, 667-671.
Kuperberg, G. & Heckers, S.
(2000). Schizophrenia and cognitive function. Current Opinion in Neurobiology,
10, 205-210.
December
9, Class 11: Biology and the treatment of psychopathology
*Kandel, E. R. (1998). A new
intellectual framework for psychiatry. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 457-469.
*Vermetten,
E., Vythilingam, M., Southwick, S. M., Charney, D. S., & Bremner, J. D.
(2003). Long-term treatment with paroxetine increases verbal declarative
memory and hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biological
Psychiatry, 54, 693-702.
Brody, A. L., Saxena,
S., Stoessel, P., Gillies, L. A., Fairbanks, L. A., Alborzian, S., Phelps,
N.E., Huang, S., Wu, H., Ho, M. L., Ho, M. K., Au, S. C., Maidment, K.,
& Baxter, L. R. (2001)., Regional brain metabolic changes in patients
with major depression treated with either paroxetine or interpersonal
therapy: Preliminary findings. Archives of General Psychiatry,
159, 728-737.
Mayberg,
H. S., Silva, J. A., Brannan, S. K., Tekell, J. L., Mahurin, R. K., McGinnis,
S., & Jarabek, P. A. (2002). The functional neuroanatomy of the placebo
effect. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 728-737.
Klein,
E., Kreinin, I., Chistyakov, A., Koren, D., Mecz, L., Marmur, S., Ben-Shachar,
D., & Feinsod, M. (1999). Therapeutic efficacy of right prefrontal slow
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in major depression: A double-blind
controlled study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 315-320.
George,
M. S., Lisanby, S. H., & Sackeim, H. A. (1999). Transcranial magnetic
stimulation: Applications in neuropsychiatry. Archives of General
Psychiatry, 56, 300-311.
George, M. (2003). Stimulating the brain. Scientific American,
289, 66-73.
Kandel, E. R. (1999).
Biology and the future of psychoanalysis: A new intellectual frame work
for psychiatry revisited. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156,
505-524.
Keller,
M.B. et al. (2000). A comparison of nefazodone, the cognitive behavioral-analysis
system of psychotherapy, and their combination for the treatment of chronic
depression. The New England Journal of Medicine, 342(20), 1462-1470.
December
16, Class 12: Biological perspectives on psychopathology:
Synthesis and Review |
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|
Dates:
September 30, Class 1:
Biological perspectives on the psychopathology:
Introduction and overview
October 7, Class 2:Key
biological systems in emotion: Functional neuroanatomy and LHPA
axis
October 14, Class 3: Emotion
regulation and dysregulation
October 21, Class 4: Functional
neuroanatomy of depression
October 28, Class 5:
LHPA axis in depression and PTSD
November 4, Class 6: Basic
and clinical neuroscience of fear and anxiety
November 11, Class 7:
Biological perspectives on psychopathy (Joe Newman: guest lecturer)
November 18, Class 8: Biological
perspectives on addiction (Anne Kelley: guest lecturer)
November 25, Class 9: Biological
perspectives on developmental psychopathology
December 2, Class 10: Biological
perspectives on schizophrenia (Giulio Tononi: guest Lecturer)
December 9, Class 11: Biology
and the treatment of psychopathology
December 16, Class 12: Biological
perspectives on psychopathology: Synthesis and Review
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